Мета-обзор «психиатрии образа жизни»: роль физических нагрузок, курения, диеты и сна в профилактике и лечении психических расстройств
Всемирная психиатрия. №3 2020
Мета-обзор «психиатрии образа жизни»: роль физических нагрузок, курения, диеты и сна в профилактике и лечении психических расстройств
Joseph Firth1,2, Marco Solmi3 , Robyn E. Wootton4 , Davy Vancampfort5,6, Felipe B. Schuch7 , Erin Hoare8 , Simon Gilbody9 , John Torous10, Scott B. Teasdale11, Sarah E. Jackson12, Lee Smith13, Melissa Eaton2 , Felice N. Jacka14, Nicola Veronese15, Wolfgang Marx14, Garcia Ashdown-Franks16-18, Dan Siskind19,20, Jerome Sarris2,21, Simon Rosen- baum11, André F. Carvalho22,23, Brendon Stubbs17,18
1 Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; 2 NICM Health Research In- stitute, Western Sydney University, Westmead, NSW, Australia; 3 Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy; 4 MRC Integrative Epidemi- ology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; 5 KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; 6 University Psychiatric Centre KU Leu- ven, Kortenberg, Belgium; 7 Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; 8 UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR) and MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; 9 Mental Health and Addictions Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK; 10Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Canter, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; 11School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; 12Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK; 13Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; 14Food & Mood Centre, IMPACT – Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Aus- tralia; 15Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; 16Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; 17South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 18Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK; 19Metro South Addiction and Mental Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 20School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; 21Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, The Melbourne Clinic, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 22Centre for Addiction & Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; 23Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Стр. 360-380
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Опубликовано: 1 октября 2020
Аннотация / Abstract
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:65530:"a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:104817:"Психические расстройства затрагивают почти 30% людей на протяжении жизни 1 и являются частью глобального бремени болезней, составляя 32% времени, прожитого с инвалидностью, и 13% лет жизни, скорректированных по нетрудоспособности 2 .Несмотря на многие достижения в области психотерапии и фармакологического лечения ряда психических расстройств, остается значительная часть людей, не достигающих полной ремиссии при стандартном лечении 3,4 . Кроме того, большая часть людей не имеет доступа к традиционной психиатрической помощи из-за нехватки доступных психиатрических услуг, особенно в странах с низким и средним уровнем доходов 3,5 .Также незначительно улучшилась первичная профилактика психических заболеваний с явными пробелами как в фактических данных, так и в реализации таких вмешательств 6 . В настоящее время частота распространенных психических расстройств (например, депрессии и тревожности) увеличивается среди молодого поколения 7 .Таким образом, для уменьшения глобального и растущего бремени этих состояний необходимы новые подходы к профилактике и лечению психических заболеваний, которые могут осуществляться наряду с традиционными методами охраны психического здоровья или в условиях их отсутствия.Новые исследования связывают как начало, так и симптомы различных психических расстройств с «факторами образа жизни», термином, обозначающим поведение, связанное со здоровьем, такое как физическая активность, диета, курение табака и сон 8 .Например, масса перекрестных данных 9 показывает, что ряд психиатрических состояний (включая шизофрению, биполярное расстройство, депрессию, тревожность и расстройства, связанные со стрессом) связаны с неблагоприятным поведением, влияющем на здоровье, таким как плохое питание и режим сна, низкий уровень физической активности и более высокий уровень курения табака по сравнен...
Психические расстройства затрагивают почти 30% людей на протяжении жизни 1 и являются частью глобального бремени болезней, составляя 32% времени, прожитого с инвалидностью, и 13% лет жизни, скорректированных по нетрудоспособности 2 .Несмотря на многие достижения в области психотерапии и фармакологического лечения ряда психических расстройств, остается значительная часть людей, не достигающих полной ремиссии при стандартном лечении 3,4 . Кроме того, большая часть людей не имеет доступа к традиционной психиатрической помощи из-за нехватки доступных психиатрических услуг, особенно в странах с низким и средним уровнем доходов 3,5 .Также незначительно улучшилась первичная профилактика психических заболеваний с явными пробелами как в фактических данных, так и в реализации таких вмешательс...
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