Всемирная психиатрия. №3 2020

Тестирование структурных моделей психопатологии на геномном уровне

Irwin D. Waldman1 , Holly E. Poore1 , Justin M. Luningham2 , Jingjing Yang3

1 Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 2 Department of Population Health Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 3 Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

Стр. 350-359

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Опубликовано: 1 октября 2020

Аннотация / Abstract

За последние несколько лет исследования по полногеномному поиску ассоциаций (genome-wide association studies – GWAS) помогли лучше понять генетические основы ряда психических расстройств, в том числе шизофрении, биполярного аффективного расстройства и депрессии 1–3 . В дополнение к выявлению воспроизводимых генетических локусов, связанных с этими расстройствами, различные методы пост-GWAS анализа выявили количество вариаций признаков, обусловленных генетическими факторами, то есть наследуемостью на основе однонуклеотидных полиморфизмов (single nucleotide polymorphism – SNP) 4,5 , а также генетические корреляции между признаками 6 . Недавние исследования показали значимые генетические корреляции между различными психическими расстройствами 6,7 , отражающие фенотипические корреляции и предполагающие наличие общей генетической уязвимости, которая отражает структуру психопатологии более высокого порядка 8-10 . В литературе были предложены различные модели фенотипической структуры, лежащей в основе психопатологии, которые отражали бы наиболее значимые корреляции между психическими расстройствами: двухфакторная модель, включающая экстернализующие и интернализирующие измерения 11 , трехфакторная модель, которая различает дистресс от страхов в рамках интернализации 12 , и модели, включающие фактор проблем мышления 13 . Одна теоретическая концептуализация структуры психопатологии, которую предлагает Консорциум по Иерархической Таксономии Психопатологии (Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology – HiTOP) 8 , утверждает, что риск психопатологии определяется общим фактором ( p фактором), влияющим на конкретные спектры психопатологии (например, интернализацию, расстройства мышления), которые, в свою очередь, влияют на более конкретные аспекты или субфакторы (например, страхи и дистресс) и расстройства (например, ...

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Вход / Регистрация

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Тестирование структурных моделей психопатологии на геномном уровне

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ЖУРНАЛЫ

ИНТЕРАКТИВ

СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИИ

ИЗДАНИЯ-ПАРТНЕРЫ

Тестирование структурных моделей психопатологии на геномном уровне

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