Всемирная психиатрия. №2 2021

Профилактическая психиатрия: основа улучшения психического здоровья молодых людей

Paolo Fusar-Poli1,2,3, Christoph U. Correll4,5,6,7, Celso Arango8,9,10, Michael Berk11,12,13,14, Vikram Patel15,16, John P.A. Ioannidis17,18,19

1 Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London UK; 2 OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London UK; 3 Department of Brain and Be- havioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia Italy; 4 Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks NY, USA; 5 Depart- ment of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead NY, USA; 6 Center for Psychiatric Neuro- science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset NY, USA; 7 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Germany; 8 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gre- gorio Marañón, Madrid Spain; 9 Health Research Institute (IiGSM), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid Spain; 10Biomedical Research Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid Spain; 11Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, Geelong VIC, Australia; 12Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC, Australia; 13Orygen Youth Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC, Australia; 14Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Mel- bourne VIC, Australia; 15Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA, USA; 16Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston MA, USA; 17Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA; 18Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA; 19Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford CA, USA

Стр. 200-221

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Опубликовано: 1 июня 2021

Аннотация / Abstract

a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:65528:"a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:108187:"Согласно недавнему исследованию Всемирной Организации Здравоохранения (ВОЗ) о глобальном бремени болезней, около одного миллиарда общей популяции (7,5 млрд) страдают каким-либо психическим расстройством 1 , включая психозы, биполярное или другие распространенные психические расстройства, такие как депрессия или тревожные расстройства. В целом около 50% психических расстройств начинаются в возрасте 14 лет, и 75% манифестируют до 24 лет 2,3 . Молодые люди на данный момент составляют 41% общей популяции (0–14 лет: 25,4% и 15–24 года: 15,5% 4 ). Это объясняет, по чему психические расстройства называют «хроническими болезнями молодых» 5 .После своего начала психические расстройства часто сохраняются, что мешает молодежи полностью реализовывать свой потенциал 6,7 , снижая доступ к психиатрической 8 и соматической медицинской помощи 9,10,11,12 , и давая им худшие образовательные и рабочие возможности 13 , стигматизации, социальной изоляции, дискриминации и нарушениям их прав 14,15,16 . Молодые люди, страдающие от психических расстройств, имеют больший риск смерти независимо от причины (включая суицид 17 ), чем в общей популяции, что приводит к впечатляющему сокращению ожидаемой продолжительности жизни на 10–20 лет 18 .Психическое здоровье молодого поколения, и, в сущности, наше будущее, уже хрупко и ему угрожают такие общемировые силы, как продолжающаяся пандемия, популяционные миграции, трудности экономики, поддерживаемость экосистем и изменение климата 19 . Необходим срочный ответ общества и отдельных лиц для снижения частоты и веса психических расстройств среди молодежи 6,20 . Профилактические подходы в психиатрии отставали от таковых в соматической медицине 21 и появились только несколько десятилетий назад, наращивая свое присутствие.В то ж...

Согласно недавнему исследованию Всемирной Организации Здравоохранения (ВОЗ) о глобальном бремени болезней, около одного миллиарда общей популяции (7,5 млрд) страдают каким-либо психическим расстройством 1 , включая психозы, биполярное или другие распространенные психические расстройства, такие как депрессия или тревожные расстройства. В целом около 50% психических расстройств начинаются в возрасте 14 лет, и 75% манифестируют до 24 лет 2,3 . Молодые люди на данный момент составляют 41% общей популяции (0–14 лет: 25,4% и 15–24 года: 15,5% 4 ). Это объясняет, по чему психические расстройства называют «хроническими болезнями молодых» 5 .После своего начала психические расстройства часто сохраняются, что мешает молодежи полностью реализовывать свой потенциал 6,7 , снижая доступ к психиатрической 8&n...

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