Перспективы лечения когнитивного дефицита и негативной симптоматики шизофрении
Всемирная психиатрия. №2 2013
Перспективы лечения когнитивного дефицита и негативной симптоматики шизофрении
Donald C. Goff
Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, New York University School of Medicine, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
Стр. 95-102
8256 просмотров
Опубликовано: 14 июня 2013
Аннотация / Abstract
Разработка лекарственных средств с учетом классических моделей когнитивных нарушений и негативной симптоматики шизофрении не принесла значительного успеха. Поскольку когнитивный дефицит и негативная симптоматика могут возникать в результате нарушений развития нервной системы, необходимы более сложные модели, сочетающие средовые и генетические факторы риска. Кроме того, становится все более ясным, что биохимические процессы, участвующие в развитии шизофрении, образуют сложнейшие взаимосвязанные сети. Поэтому точки схождения факторов риска, такие, как мозговой нейротрофический фактор (BDNF) и протеинкиназа В (АКТ), после которых процессы нейропластичности дифференцируются, представляют собой особый интерес при разработке фармакологических тактик. В этой статье рассматриваются аспекты дизонтогенетических моделей когнитивного дефицита и негативной симптоматики шизофрении с целью выявления потенциальных терапевтических мишеней.
Ключевые слова: Шизофрения, негативная симптоматика, когнитивные функции, нарушение развития,
нейропластичность, разработка лекарственных препаратов
Поскольку до сих пор механизмы развития когнитивных и негативных нарушений остаются недостаточно изученными, эти состояния трудно поддаются лечению. Два десятилетия разработок лекарственных препаратов на экспериментальных моделях на животных не принесли ожидаемых результатов, что указывает на потребность в разработке новых моделей. В ряде публикаций проанализирован большой объем литературы о клинических испытаниях существующих химических соединений (1, 2). В этой статье мы расскажем о современных этиологических теориях когнитивного дефицита и негативной симптоматики, потенциальных экспериментальных моделях на животных и новых терапевтических стратегиях на основе последних.
Традиционные теории когнитивного дефицита и негативной симптоматики при шизофрении основывались на нарушениях в работе одного нейромедиатора или подтипа рецепторов, и проверялись на экспериментальных модел...
Разработка лекарственных средств с учетом классических моделей когнитивных нарушений и негативной симптоматики шизофрении не принесла значительного успеха. Поскольку когнитивный дефицит и негативная симптоматика могут возникать в результате нарушений развития нервной системы, необходимы более сложные модели, сочетающие средовые и генетические факторы риска. Кроме того, становится все более ясным, что биохимические процессы, участвующие в развитии шизофрении, образуют сложнейшие взаимосвязанные сети. Поэтому точки схождения факторов риска, такие, как мозговой нейротрофический фактор (BDNF) и протеинкиназа В (АКТ), после которых процессы нейропластичности дифференцируются, представляют собой особый интерес при разработке фармакологических тактик. В этой статье рассматриваются аспекты дизонтогенетиÑ...
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