Всемирная психиатрия. №1 2017

Снизило ли увеличение обеспечения лечением распространенность основных психических заболеваний? Обзор данных из четырех стран

Anthony F. Jorm1, Scott B. Patten2, Traolach S. Brugha3, Ramin Mojtabai4

1Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; 2Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; 3Department of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK; 4Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA

Стр. 90-99

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Опубликовано: 1 февраля 2017

Аннотация / Abstract

a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:65533:"a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:84221:"Согласно данным последних популяционных исследований, значительное количество людей с психическими расстройствами не получают медицинской помощи. Методом моделирования установлено, что устранение этого «недостатка лечения» должно уменьшить распространенность психических расстройств среди населения. Для оценки последствий устранения «недостатка лечения» в развитых странах были пересмотрены данные с 1990 по 2015 год из четырех англоязычных стран: Австралии, Канады, Англии и США. Эти данные показывают, что, несмотря на существенное увеличение объемов лечения, в частности антидепрессантами, распространенность аффективных и тревожных расстройств и их симптомов не уменьшилась. Было предложено несколько гипотез отсутствия положительного эффекта. Гипотеза маскировки снижения распространенности заболеваний благодаря лечению вследствие увеличения факторов риска не нашла подтверждения. Тем не менее, появились некоторые доказательства в пользу гипотезы маскировки эффективности лечения увеличением количества обращений из-за большей информированности населения о распространенных психических расстройствах или готовности сообщить о симптомах. Более обоснованная гипотеза отсутствия снижения распространенности заключается в том, что большая часть проводимого лечения не соответствует минимальным стандартам клинических рекомендаций и недостаточно ориентирована на тех, кто больше в нем нуждается. Недостаточное внимание к профилактике распространенных психических расстройств также может быть значимым фактором. Снижение распространенности основных психических расстройств остается нерешенной задачей для здравоохранения во всем мире, что должно привлечь большее внимание к «дефициту качества» лечения и «недостатку профилактики». Кроме того, всем странам необходимо контролировать результаты с использованием стандартизированных методов оценки обеспечения помощи и психических расстройств с течением времени. Кл...

Согласно данным последних популяционных исследований, значительное количество людей с психическими расстройствами не получают медицинской помощи. Методом моделирования установлено, что устранение этого «недостатка лечения» должно уменьшить распространенность психических расстройств среди населения. Для оценки последствий устранения «недостатка лечения» в развитых странах были пересмотрены данные с 1990 по 2015 год из четырех англоязычных стран: Австралии, Канады, Англии и США. Эти данные показывают, что, несмотря на существенное увеличение объемов лечения, в частности антидепрессантами, распространенность аффективных и тревожных расстройств и их симптомов не уменьшилась. Было предложено несколько гипотез отсутствия положительного эффекта. Гипотеза маскировки снижения распространенности заболеван...

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Снизило ли увеличение обеспечения лечением распространенность основных психических заболеваний? Обзор данных из четырех стран

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Снизило ли увеличение обеспечения лечением распространенность основных психических заболеваний? Обзор данных из четырех стран

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