Всемирная психиатрия. №1 2017

Повышенный уровень смертности среди людей с тяжелыми психическими расстройствами: многоуровневая система мероприятий и приоритеты для клинической практики, государственных стандартов оказания медицинской помощи и научных исследований

Nancy H. Liu1,2, Gail L. Daumit3, Tarun Dua1, Ralph Aquila4, Fiona Charlson5, Pim Cuijpers6, Benjamin Druss7, Kenn Dudek4, Melvyn Freeman8, Chiyo Fujii9,Wolfgang Gaebel10, Ulrich Hegerl11, Itzhak Levav12, Thomas Munk Laursen13, Hong Ma14, Mario Maj15, Maria Elena Medina-Mora16, Merete Nordentoft17, Dorairaj Prabhakaran18, Karen Pratt4, Martin Prince19, Thara Rangaswamy20, David Shiers21, Ezra Susser22, Graham Thornicroft19, KristianWahlbeck23, Abe FekaduWassie24, Harvey Whiteford5, Shekhar Saxena1

1World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; 2University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; 3Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA; 4Fountain House, New York, NY, USA; 5Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, QLD, Australia; 6Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 7Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; 8National Department of Health, Johannesburg, South Africa; 9National Institute of Mental Health, Tokyo, Japan; 10Heinrich-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany; 11Universitatsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; 12University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel; 13Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; 14Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, P.R. China; 15Department of Psychiatry, University of Naples SUN, Naples, Italy; 16National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente Muniz, Mexico City, Mexico; 17University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 18Public Health Foundation of India, Haryana, India; 19Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK; 20Schizophrenia Research Foundation, Chennai, India; 21Healthy Active Lives, Longsdon, Stoke-on-Trent, UK; 22Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; 23Finnish Association for Mental Health, Helsinki, Finland; 24Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Стр. 30-40

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Опубликовано: 1 февраля 2017

Аннотация / Abstract

a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:65533:"a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:104456:"Повышенный уровень смертности среди людей с тяжелыми психическими расстройствами (ТПР) — серьезная проблема для общественного здравоохранения, требующая принятия соответствующих мер. Количество и масштабность правильным образом протестированных мероприятий в этой области остаются ограниченными, а стратегии внедрения и расширения программ с доказанной эффективностью немногочисленны. Кроме того, большинство доступных мероприятий фокусируются на одном факторе риска или ограниченном их числе. В данной публикации мы представляем многоуровневую модель факторов риска повышенной смертности среди людей с ТПР на следующих уровнях: индивидуальном, системы здравоохранения и социально-бытовом. Основываясь на данных, полученных в этой модели, мы описываем многокомпонентную систему, которая могла бы быть полезной для планирования, реализации и оценки мероприятий и программ, целью которых является сокращение повышенного уровня смертности среди людей с ТПР. Эта схема включает в себя мероприятия, касающиеся отдельных пациентов, системы здравоохранения, общества и государственных стандартов оказания медицинской помощи. Учитывая данные, полученные с помощью многоуровневой модели риска и многокомпонентной системы мероприятий, мы определяем приоритеты для клинической практики, государственных стандартов оказания медицинской помощи и научных исследований. Ключевые слова: Повышенный уровень смертности, соматическое здоровье, тяжелые психические расстройства, шизофрения, биполярное аффективное расстройство, депрессия, факторы риска, индивидуально-направленные мероприятия, мероприятия для системы здравоохранения, мероприятия на уровне общества и государственных стандартов оказания медицинской помощи. (World Psychiatry 2017;16(1):30-40) Люди с тяжелыми психическими расстройствами (ТПР), например шизофренией и другими психотическими расстройствами, биполярным аффе...

Повышенный уровень смертности среди людей с тяжелыми психическими расстройствами (ТПР) — серьезная проблема для общественного здравоохранения, требующая принятия соответствующих мер. Количество и масштабность правильным образом протестированных мероприятий в этой области остаются ограниченными, а стратегии внедрения и расширения программ с доказанной эффективностью немногочисленны. Кроме того, большинство доступных мероприятий фокусируются на одном факторе риска или ограниченном их числе. В данной публикации мы представляем многоуровневую модель факторов риска повышенной смертности среди людей с ТПР на следующих уровнях: индивидуальном, системы здравоохранения и социально-бытовом. Основываясь на данных, полученных в этой модели, мы описываем многокомпонентную систему, которая могла б...

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